Changes in the age composition of the population affect school enrollments and policies. Population change inevitably has broad social and economic implications. Of variation in population change may lie in the volume and characteristics of immigration. population across many dimensions: its size and rate of growth, its age and sex composition, and its racial and ethnic makeup.

Because the small baby-bust generations will be the workers at that time, a relatively few income-producing residents will be providing for the older generations.įinally, volatility in the volume and composition of immigration affects the U.S. These changes, in turn, will affect their demand for private and public pensions and for health services. Second, the future level of mortality among the elderly will have fundamental implications for their numbers. The baby-boom and the subsequent baby-bust will have major ramifications over the next half century: the population will age as the baby-boom generations become older when they eventually retire, the number of retirees will be much larger than this country has ever seen. population growth and provided birth cohorts from 1946 to about 1963 that were much larger than those of either the decade before or after.

It will interact with other demographic forces, already in place, that also play a large role in what the country will look like by the middle of the next century.įirst, in the two decades following World War II, the baby-boom greatly increased the annual rate of U.S.

Immigration is not the only force at work shaping the size and the structure of the United States in the coming years.

It focuses on the characteristics of immigrants and their descendants and explores how they will change the demography of the United States over the next six decades. How will the population of the United States change on the way to the middle of the 21st century? How will immigration-current and future-contribute to that change? This chapter seeks to answer the second question, which in turn will help answer the first.

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